Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)

Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) - Definition

Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS) is an emergency condition in which one’s blood glucose level is very high and ketones are not present in the blood or urine. If HHNS is not treated, it can lead to coma or death.

HHNS is a serious condition most frequently seen in older persons. It can occur in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, although it is most commonly seen in type 2. HHNS is usually brought on by something else, such as an illness or infection.

In HHNS, your blood sugar levels rise. Your body tries to rid itself of excess sugar by passing it through the urine. Initially, a lot of urine is produced and you have to go to the bathroom often. With time, you may not have to go as often and the urine can become very dark. You may be very thirsty. Even if you are not thirsty, it is very important to consume a lot of liquids to prevent dehydration. If HHNS continues, severe dehydration can potentially lead to seizures, coma or even death.

Warning Signs of yperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)

• Blood glucose level over 600 mg/dl
• Dry, parched mouth
• Extreme thirst (which may gradually disappear)
• Warm, dry skin that does not sweat
• High fever (>101 degrees Fahrenheit)
• Sleepiness or confusion
• Loss of vision
• Hallucinations (seeing/hearing things that aren't there)
• Weakness on one side of the body

How to Prevent

• Check your blood glucose regularly
• Speak with your doctor about how often you should check your blood glucose and what your target range should be